In the construction of waterproofing of external walls of buildings, anti-seepage and leakage plugging is a crucial part. Commonly used plugging material is sodium silicate (water glass) and cement prepared at a ratio of 2:1 cement mortar. When used, the solidification time of cement mortar should be strictly controlled, usually from mixing to use should be completed within 1 to 2 minutes.
Several methods of plugging leakage
1. Plug the big leakage first, and then plug the small leakage.
First of all, we should carefully observe and find out the cause of water leakage and specific parts, and make a mark. Then according to the location of the marking, one by one treatment.
2. slow seepage
Slow seepage is usually manifested as a large area without obvious water leakage, about 3 to 5 minutes before the wet mark will be found, and gradually gathered into a small piece of water stains. The treatment method is, first of all, the obvious seepage of the parts with 1:2 ratio of sodium silicate and cement mortar plugging and stopping the leakage. For leakage is not obvious cracks, available ferric chloride waterproofing mortar according to 1:2.5:0.03:0.5 (weight ratio, cement: sand: ferric chloride waterproofing agent: water-cement ratio) for hooking treatment. If the waterproof mortar can not bond the leakage parts, you can wait until it is naturally washed out, and then use sodium silicate mixed with cement to block the water stop.
3. Fast seepage
Fast seepage phenomenon is more obvious, the leakage place after drying, wet phenomenon quickly reappear, and quickly gathered into a water flow. At this time, you need to use a wire brush to thoroughly clean up the leakage parts of the dirt. One person operates the brush coated with sodium silicate, another person then wipe with dry cement powder. After alternating several times, the water beads on the wall will gradually disappear.
4. Rapids
Rush phenomenon is particularly serious, the formation of obvious water flow down the wall rapidly. Treatment method is to use “direct plugging” approach. First of all, the leakage will be picked into a large outside small water holes, clean, cement and sodium silicate in the gray board with the mix with the plugging, quickly with the hook and mortar spatula or iron spatula force plug leakage holes, and to the hole wall around the extrusion of the dense, so that the mortar immediately with the wall of the hole tightly combined. If the eyelets continue to appear microseepage phenomenon, should be re-plugging treatment. Finally, wipe on the ferric chloride waterproofing mortar, usually after the first waterproofing mortar solidification, seepage phenomenon can be effectively controlled.
5. small cracks
For small cracks, you can pick out along the seam 3 cm deep, 2 cm wide groove, cleaned, with 1:2 (sodium silicate: cement) of fast hardening slurry tightly plugged in the groove (1.5 cm thick), and squeezed tight. Then wipe 1.5 cm thick 1:2.5:0.5:0.03 (cement: sand: water: ferric chloride waterproofing agent) waterproofing mortar on the surface, wipe and compact.
The above construction method of waterproofing mortar is applicable to high-rise buildings according to the actual observation at the construction site. Through the dual role of nail hanging steel wire mesh and waterproofing mortar, it can effectively prevent irregular cracks caused by contraction differences in wall materials of different masonry materials, so as to achieve the effect of anti-cracking and waterproofing. In the construction, strict control of mortar water-cement ratio and proportion, while controlling the fineness modulus of sand, can effectively improve the ease of mortar, bonding, enhance the compactness and strength of mortar, so as to realize the ideal waterproof effect. It should be noted that, because the strength of the adhesive in the alkaline and strongly alkaline environment will gradually weaken, so the use of chemical materials in cement products should be careful to avoid mortar “aging”.
